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Maishan (East Syrian Ecclesiastical Province)
The region of Maishan or Maysan (Syriac: ) in southern Iraq and Kuwait was a metropolitan province of the Church of the East between the fifth and thirteenth centuries. The metropolitans of Maishan sat at Prath d'Maishan (Syriac: ), and for most of its history the province had three suffragan dioceses, at Karka d'Maishan (Syriac: ), Rima (Syriac: ) and Nahargur (Syriac: ). The last metropolitan of Maishan, the noted East Syrian author Shlemun (Solomon) of Basra, is attested in 1222, and it is not clear when the province ceased to exist.〔Fiey, ''AC'', iii. 266–71; ''POCN'', 59–60〕
== Background ==
The province of Maishan was one of the six metropolitan provinces created by the Church of the East at the synod of Isaac in 410. The bishop of Prath d'Maishan was recognised as 'metropolitan of Karka d'Maishan, of Rima, of Nahargur, and of their bishops’ in Canon XXI of the synod. He ranked fourth in precedence, after the metropolitan bishops of Seleucia, Beth Lapat and Nisibis and before the metropolitan bishops of Erbil and Karka d’Beth Slokh.〔Chabot, 272–3〕
Eliya of Damascus listed two suffragan dioceses in the 'eparchy of al-Basra' in 893: Destesana (Karka d'Maishan) and Nahr al-Mara (Rima).〔Assemani, ''BO'', ii. 485–9〕
The province of Maishan seems to have come to an end in the thirteenth century. The metropolitan diocese of Prath d’Maishan is last mentioned in 1222, and the suffragan dioceses of Nahargur, Karka d'Maishan (Dastumisan), and Rima (Nahr al-Dayr) probably ceased to exist rather earlier. The diocese of Nahargur is last mentioned in 893, under the name Abdasi, in the list of Eliya of Damascus, as a diocese in the province of the patriarch.〔Assemani, ''BO'', ii. 485–9〕 It is not known when or why the diocese was transferred from the province of Maishan. The last-known bishop of Karka d'Maishan, Abraham, was present at the synod held by the patriarch Yohannan IV shortly after his election in 900, and an unnamed bishop of Rima attended the consecration of Eliya I in Baghdad in 1028.〔Fiey, ''AC'', iii. 272–82〕
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